Source: Annual Congress 2009 - Socio-economic and epidemiological aspects of sleep apnoea
Disease area: Sleep and breathing disorders

Abstract

Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in OSAS patients varies widely among different Countries, suggesting that environmental and/or genetic factors may play some role. We analyzed occurrence of the MetS (NHANES ATP III clinical criteria) in consecutive OSAS patients living in Mediterranean Countries (Italy: n=97; Spain: n=155; Greece: n=141). All patients underwent clinical evaluation and nocturnal PSG or cardiorespiratory monitoring. Mean (±SD) age (53.4±12.2 yr) and apnea severity (AHI: 41.9±28.9) did not differ among groups. Greek patients showed significantly higher BMI (34.6±8.1 kg/m²) than Italian (32.5±6.6 kg/m²) or Spanish (31.2±5.7 kg/m²) patients. In women with OSAS, prevalence of MetS was: Italy (n=28): 46.4%, Spain (n=50): 32.0%, Greece (n=27): 62.9%. Significant differences were found in male patients (Table).

Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome and its components in men

	Italy % (n=69)	Spain % (n=105)	Greece % (n=114)
Waist > 102cm	65.2	95.5	86.0
BP ≥130/80	52.2	51.0	39.8
TG > 150 mg/dl	42.8	54.3	37.7
HDL-Cholesterol < 40 mg/dl	39.7	68.6	43.5
FBG >110 mg/dl	25.7	33.6	20.5
Metabolic Syndrome 3 or +	43.5	61.9	42.9

Data as % of positive subjects

Prevalence of the MetS was significantly higher in Spanish (61.9%) compared to Greek (42.9%) or Italian (43.5%) patients. Increased waist circumference and triglycerides, and low HDL-cholesterol were more common among Spanish patients compared to the other groups. These results suggest a likely role of environmental factors (e.g., diet) or genetic influences in modulating the association of OSAS and the MetS.

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A. Zito, A. Barcelò, P. Steiropoulos, F. Barbè, M. Buttacavoli, O. Marrone, V. Bellia, M. Bonsignore (Palermo, Italy; Palma de Mallorca, Lleida, Spain; Alexandroupolis, Greece). Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in untreated Mediterranean patients with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Eur Respir J 2009; 34: Suppl. 53, 3671

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