Cells and cytokines analysis in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid during or after non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
C. Rolland-Debord (Paris, France), L. Pieroni (Paris, France), F. Bejar (Paris, France), A. Milon (Paris, France), A. Parrot (Paris, France), A. Fajac (Paris, France), J. Cadranel (Paris, France)
Source: International Congress 2022 – COVID basic science
Session: COVID basic science
Session type: Thematic Poster
Number: 4071
AbstractIntroduction Findings on cells and cytokines analyses in BAL are poorly described during and after resolution of non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia, that are the objectives of this study Methods This study included 54 pts in whom a BAL was performed (04/2020-02/2021) for the diagnosis or follow-up of suspected COVID-19 pneumonia.Cytological and cytokine analyses (IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFa, IFNg, HGF, TGFb) were performed in BAL blinded to the classification of pts into 3 groups: non-COVID (n=20); COVID (n=13) and post-COVID pneumonia (n=24) Results Total cell counts were not different between groups. % macrophages were similar between non-COVID and COVID groups, while % neutrophils (PN) were higher - although NS in non-COVID and % lymphocytes (Ly) higher in COVID pneumonia (p<0.024). Plasmocytes were observed in 4/13 COVID and in 1/20 of non-COVID BAL (p=0.042). Compared with COVID pneumonia, post-COVID BAL showed lower % PN, but a persistent Ly alveolitis. Alveolar Ly, in COVID/post-COVID groups were mainly of a CD3/CD4-T cell subset. TGFb was not measurable in the 3 groups. IL-10, IFNg and HGF BAL levels were higher in COVID vs non-COVID pneumonia group (p=0.0128, p=0.005, p=0.007). IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFa, IFNg and HGF levels were lower in post-COVID compared to COVID BAL (all p< 0.005). In COVID pts, IL-1b and IL-6 inversely correlated with %Ly in BAL (r=-0.8, p=0.005; r=-0.7, p=0.02, respectively
Conclusion Lymphocytic alveolitis associated with plasmacytosis is found in non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia. This alveolitis is associated with the presence of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFa, IFN g and HGF. BAL alveolitis and cytokine levels normalize in post-COVID-19 pneumonia.
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C. Rolland-Debord (Paris, France), L. Pieroni (Paris, France), F. Bejar (Paris, France), A. Milon (Paris, France), A. Parrot (Paris, France), A. Fajac (Paris, France), J. Cadranel (Paris, France). Cells and cytokines analysis in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid during or after non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia.. 4071
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