Abstract

INTRODUCTION: dual biologic therapy (DBT) in asthma and immune-mediated disease (IMD) has been occasionally reported.However, adverse effects of DBT have not been studied.

AIMS: To describe safety data for patients receiving DBT for severe asthma and other IMD. 

METHODS: Retrospective observational multicentre study performed in five Asthma Units in Spain during 2019-2021. Patients with DBT, mepolizumab or benralizumab for eosinophilic asthma and another biologic agent for other IMD, were included.Demographics-clinical data, concomitant IMD, DBT duration and biological treatment, were collected. Safety data, assessed by occurrence of adverse effects (AEs)(neoplasia, cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events, autoimmune phenomena, infections, haematological AEs, liver toxicity or others) were evaluated at 4,6,12,18,24 months.Results are presented as median(IQR) and porcentages for quantitative and qualitative data respectively.

RESULTS:Six patients were analysed: 5(83%) female(F), 63(59-70) years, and concomitant diseases: rheumatological (4,66%), haematological (1,17%) and digestive (1,17%). Baseline clinical asthma characteristics were ACT 11(9-12), FEV₁ 59%(54-65) and blood eosinophil count 387(223-1025) u/mcL. Duration of DBT was 14(8-22) months. No AEs were reported during the study period. 

CONCLUSIONS:There were no treatment suspensions by interaction between biological therapies or AE.