Abstract

Aim: The study was conducted to determine the relationship between IL-17, IL-10 and vitamin 25(OH)D with the level of asthma control in asthmatic patients. Methodology: It was a comparative study, which included 109 subjects. We distinguished three groups: group-I (48 subjects with control asthma, age 52±13 years, BMI 25±4.2 kg/m2), group-II (31 asthmatic patients with uncontrolled asthma, 57,6±7.9 years, BMI 30±4.5 kg/m2),  group-III (30 patients without asthma) . We measured levels of IL-10, IL-17 and vitamin D, using ELISA assay. Results: The level of vitamin D in patients with uncontrolled asthma was significantly lower than that in the group with treated asthma. There was also an inverse correlation between level of 25(OH)D and IL-17. No reliable correlation between the level of vitamin 25(OH)D level and IL-10 has been established. We also found the correlation between reduced 25(OH)D concentrations and obesity. Patients with obesity had significantly lower levels of vitamin D as compared patients with normal BMI. In the ROC analysis, increase BMI >26.7 kg/m2 (Adjusted OR 5,7, 95% CI 2,05-15,92; p<0.001), the vitamin D level = 24,5 ng/ml (Adjusted OR 8,32, 95% CI 2,9 - 23,72,p<0.001) were found to be associated with uncontrolled asthma.  

Conclusion: A deficiency of vitamin D leads to an imbalance between the levels of IL-10 and IL-17. The level of vitamin D lower than 24,5 ng/ml increases a risk of uncontrolled asthma development. A deficiency of vitamin D can be considered as an independent prognostic factor for uncontrolled asthma.