Source: Annual Congress 2001 - Long-acting β2-agonists: clinical effects
Disease area: Airway diseases

Abstract

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an inflammatory mediator that provokes neutropenia, bronchoconstriction and gas exchange abnormalities due to microvascular leakage in healthy and asthmatic individuals. While salbutamol (300 μg) blocked all PAF-induced effects and formoterol (F) (24 μg), a fast-onset, long-acting β₂-agonist, protected against PAF-induced neutropenia and bronchoconstriction, salmeterol (50 μg, b.i.d., over 1-week) failed to prove such effects. To further explore the mechanisms involved in PAF-induced systemic, cellular and functional disturbances, 12 asthmatics (8 males; FEV₁, 90±]4%), pre-treated 2 h before with F (18 μg) were studied in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over fashion after PAF (18 μg) inhalation, one week apart. Compared with vehicle, pre-medication with F attenuated at 5 min after PAF cough and dyspnea (p<0.03 each), increased respiratory system resistance (by 67%) and AaPO₂(by 60%), decreased PaO₂ (by 50%), and ventilation-perfusion defects (by 67-75%) (p<0.005 each), but did not prevent facial flushing and neutropenia, nor subsequent rebound neutrophilia. These findings indicate that acute administration of F may have, in addition to its class effects, substantial anti-edema properties. The lack of effects against PAF-induced neutrophil kinetics suggests that this process may be mediated by ongoing release of leukotrienes.
Supported by AstraZeneca (Spain), FIS00/0617, and 1999SGR00228 (Generalitat de Catalunya).

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Citations should be made in the following way:
J. Gabrijelcic, A. Casas, R. Rabinovich, A. Acuña, J. A. Barbera, J. Roca, K. F. Chung, R. Rodriguez-Roisin (Barcelona, Spain; London, United Kingdom). Formoterol protects against platelet-activating factor-induced lung function abnormalities in asthma. Eur Respir J 2001; 16: Suppl. 31, 3476

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