Source: Annual Congress 2001 - Inflammatory mechanisms of COPD
Disease area: Airway diseases

Abstract

Neutrophils are prominent in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), while there are increased numbers of mucosal CD8+ve cells. LPS inhalation causes influx of neutrophils and lymphocytes into sputum (Michel, Nagy, et al. 1997). Chronic inhalation of LPS causes emphysema in mice, and LPS is present in cigarette smoke. Little is known of the effect of LPS inhalation on mucosal inflammatory cell content. METHODS: Seven normal volunteers underwent bronchial biopsy twice, a week apart, the first six hours after inhaling normal saline, and the second after inhaling 50μg LPS. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify cells expressing CD4, CD8, neutrophil elastase (HNE) and major basic protein (MBP).
RESULTS: see table.
CONCLUSIONS: Inhalation of LPS causes an increase in the number of CD8+ve cells, but not neutrophils, within the airway mucosa. This challenge model may be a useful surrogate tool to assess early airway inflammation in COPD.

	Neutrophils (HNE+ve)	Eosinophils (MBP+ve)	CD4+ve	CD8+ve	CD4:CD8 ratio
Post saline	141 (90 – 235)	14 (-13 – 68)	517 (238 – 1153)	333 (235 – 459)	1.50 (0.69 – 3.69)
Post LPS	160 (104 – 285)	27 (-7 – 106)	356 (183 – 723)	516 (378 – 676)	0.90 (0.30 – 1.74)
p=	ns	ns	ns	0.0313	0.0156

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M. I. Allenby, M. W. Lethbridge, A. R. Sousa, R. I. Ketchell, F. W. Woisin, M. Jensen, D. M. Kemeny, B. J. O'Connor (London, United Kingdom). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation causes an increase in mucosal CD8+ve cells. Eur Respir J 2001; 16: Suppl. 31, 2117

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