Source: Annual Congress 2002 - Inflammatory mechanisms in occupational lung diseases
Disease area: Airway diseases

Abstract

Inhalation of smoke from rice straw combustion can result in airway inflammation in healthy humans. Individuals with asthma could be specifically susceptible to rice straw smoke (RSS)-induced airway inflammation. This experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that exposure to RSS would result in a concentration-dependent change in the airway cell distribution, and cytokine expression, in individuals with asthma. Using a repeated-measures, randomized, single-blind design, 3 subjects with asthma (2 females; age range 23-34 yr; methacholine PC₂₀ < 10 mg ml) were exposed for 30 min, at rest, to: Filtered-Air [(FA): Control]; RSS at 600 ug m³ (RSS-600); RSS at 200 ug m³ on 3 consecutive days (RSS-200-3D). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed 6 h post-exposure. For RSS-200-3D, compared to FA, in the bronchial fraction [(Bfx): first 15 ml of BAL], there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the lymphocyte concentration (Mean ±] SE: 2.03 ±] 0.4 v 0.97 ±] 0.3 x 10⁴ cells ml). For all conditions, in the Bfx and BAL, there was no difference in the total leukocyte, macrophage, neutrophil, eosinophil, or epithelial cell differential percent or concentration, or in the IL-8 concentration. These preliminary results indicate that in individuals with asthma, exposure to RSS for serial-days at a low ambient concentration can cause lymphocyte recruitment into the airways. The RSS-induced increase in lymphocytes appears to be a function of the exposure format, as compared to the total dose.

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C. Solomon, A. Witten, I. Schmidlin, P. Girling, D. Morris, M. Arjomandi, R. Jasmer, R. Williams, J. Mehlschau, M. Kleinman, B. Jenkins, J. Balmes (San Francisco, Davis, Irvine, United States Of America). Inhalational exposure to smoke from rice straw in individuals with asthma; effect on airway cell distribution and cytokine expression. Eur Respir J 2002; 20: Suppl. 38, 3785

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