Source: International Congress 2015 – Case series and clinical conundrums in TB
Disease area: Respiratory infections

Abstract

Introduction:Ocular Tuberculosis(OTB) is considered a rare form of TB. However, the estimated annual incidence may be 1-2% of all new cases. Diagnosis is usually presumptive based on epidemiology, clinical findings and positivity of immune response. In Lisbon, TB cases are sent to Centro de Diagnóstico Pneumológico (CDP) Dr. Ribeiro Sanches for treatment and follow-up. The aim of this study was to characterize the OTB cases identified in the last 3 years.Methods: This was a retrospective study to identify demographic characteristics, ocular manifestations, diagnostic criteria, treatment and therapeutic results of OTB reported by the CDP in 2012-2014.Results: We identified 27 cases (2.6% of all reported TB cases). Patients were equally distributed in gender, with a mean age of 55.9 yrs and mostly (24 patients) of Portuguese origin. 8 patients had risk factors including diabetes, cancer, co-infection HIV-Hep.B and health worker. 8 patients reported history of TB, including pulmonary, miliary and bone TB and childhood primary infection. Only 1 reported a recent (<2 years) contact with other TB patients. All were referred by Ophthalmologists with chronic inflammatory ocular diseases not-responding to treatment including uveitis, choroiditis, retinal vasculitis and vitritis. Diagnostic criteria also included positive tuberculin skin test and/or IGRA. All patients underwent anti-tuberculous treatment in standard regimens for an average of 9.9 months. There was only 1 drop-out. Clinical improvement was reported in 23 patients. 16 completed treatment with an average follow-up period of 10 months with no relapses.Discussion: There is growing awareness of OTB. Our experience shows clinical improvement in the majority of treated patients with no signs of relapse.


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Maria Francisca Teixeira Lopes (Lisbon, Portugal), Francisca Teixeira Lopes, Sara Alfarroba, Ana Dinis, Maria da Conceição Gomes, António Tavares. Ocular tuberculosis. Eur Respir J 2015; 46: Suppl. 59, 2765

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