Source: Annual Congress 2002 - Miscellaneous respiratory infections in children
Disease area: Respiratory infections

Abstract

Background. Bronchiectasis (BR) represents a cause of chronic lung disease in children. Aim.a) to identify causative factors;b) to assess extent and severity of BR. Patients. 31 patients (14 males) with BR identified by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Study design Methods.A ) Retrospective analysis of clinical findings.B ) HRCT assessment of BR extent (bronchi were evaluated on 18 bronchopulmonary segments) and severity (a score of 1, 2 or 3 was calculated if the internal bronchial lumen was [lte] 2 or [lte] 3 or > 3 times the diameter of an adjacent vessel, respectively; the highest possible score indicating more severe BR was 30 and 24 for right and left lung, respectively). Results. Clinical findings. All cases had recurrent upper and lower airways infections. The most common symptoms at onset were cough (100%), purulent sputum (62%) and wheezing (52%). Median onset and HRCT ages were 1 and 8 yrs, respectively. Associated conditions were gastroesophageal reflux (GER; 23%) and atopy (19%). Analysis of causative factors indicated that a) 5 patients had 1 or more cystic fibrosis (CF) mutations, 3 of whom (10%) with 2 CF gene mutations; b) 8 subjects (26%) had ciliary defects;c )3 cases (10%) with previous esophageal atresia had recurrent aspiration and severe GER; d)14 cases (45%) had idiopathic BR since no cause was found. HRCT findings. BR was bilateral (52%) and occurred mainly in left and right lower lobes (52% and 55% of cases). Median severity score in right and left lung was 3 and 2 (range, 0-22 and 0-17), respectively. Conclusions. Investigation of this population of children with BR led to identification of causative factors in 55% of cases. HRCT is an helpful tool for lung damege evaluation in BR.

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Citations should be made in the following way:
L. Di Benedetto, C. Franzese, L. Camera, S. Montella, F. Santamaria (Naples, Italy). Bronchiectasis in children: causative factors and HRCT evaluation. Eur Respir J 2002; 20: Suppl. 38, 2109

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