Source: Annual Congress 2002 - Effects of air pollution on lung cells
Disease area: Airway diseases

Abstract

Alveolar macrophages (AM) from 16 healthy volunteers were loaded with aggregates of ultrafine carbon particles. Their phagocytic activity was studied 20 h later. Four different fluorescein-labelled test particles were used. Silica particles (3.2 μm) were studied with different carbon concentrations from 0.03 to 3 μg/106 AM. Candida albicans (3.8 μm) and Cryptococcus neoformans (6.1 μm) opsonized with specific IgG or with fresh serum were studied at 1 mg carbon /10 6 AM. Both attachment and ingestion were investigated. Carbon induced a dose-related impairment of attachment and ingestion of silica particles. Impairment was significant down to 0.2 μg/106 AM. Also phagocytosis of C. albicans and C. neoformans with both types of opsinations was impaired by the carbon. In summary, small carbon loads impaired phagocytosis of particles which attach to different AM receptors; scavenger receptors (silica particles), mannose receptors ( C. albicans), Fc receptors ( C. neoformans opsonized with specfic IgG) and the complement receptor ( C neoformans opsonized with fresh serum). Ambient air particles, at an episode of high particle concentration may, thus impair the phagocytic capacity of AM and this might increase the risk for lung infections in patients with severe lung and heart diseases.

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M. Lundborg, U. Johard, L. Låstbom, P. Gerde, C. Jarstrand, P. Camner (Stockholm, Sweden). Ultrafine carbon particles impair the phagocytic function of human alveolar macrophages. Eur Respir J 2002; 20: Suppl. 38, 262

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