Source: Annual Congress 2002 - Bronchiolitis
Disease area: Paediatric lung diseases

Abstract

The efficacy of bronchodilators remains to be still controversal in acute bronchiolitis. We investigated the effects of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide among 69 infants hospitalized for moderate to severe bronchiolitis at their first episode of wheezing. Patients were enrolled into the study between December 1998 and March 2000. Median age of the infants was 5 months (ranging 1 to 11 months). Study group was randomly assigned to nebulised salbutamol (S) (n: 24) (2.5 mg, q4h), ipratropium bromide (I) (n: 22) (0.25 mg, tid) or placebo (P) (n: 23) (2.5 cc serum saline, q4h). Oxygen saturation, clinical score (derived from respiratory rate, wheezing score, accessory muscle score and clinical condition), heart rate and physical examination were recorded at baseline, 30 minutes, 8 hours after admission and daily thereafter. All groups were similar in terms of age, duration of illness and severity of the disease. Although the baseline evaluations were similar in all groups, 30th minute clinical scores were better in S and I groups compared to P (p<0.05, p<0.05). S and A groups were also significantly better at 8th hour with lower clinical scores (5.8*1.1and 6.0*1.0 vs.7.4±]1.2, p<0.01) and higher oxygen saturation rates (95.1*4.6 and 93.5*4.1 vs. 89.6±]2.4%, p<0.01). Clinical scores, oxygen saturation and respiratory rates were significantly better in S group after 24 hours from admission compared to groups A and P (p<0.05). After 24 hours, daily evaluations were similar in all groups.
In that study group, salbutamol and ipratropium were found to be more effective than placebo in the management of acute bronchiolitis.

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B. Karadag, O. Ceran, E. Dursun, G. Guven, I. Ozahi, F. Karakoc, R. Hamutcu, S. Inan, E. Dagli (Istanbul, Turkey). Comparison of bronchodilators in acute bronchiolitis. Eur Respir J 2002; 20: Suppl. 38, 236

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