Source: Annual Congress 2002 - Thoracic oncology: biology
Disease area: Respiratory infections, Thoracic oncology

Abstract

Cancer is a genetic disease resulting from multiple, sequential genetic changes affecting oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. To determine whether genetic analysis of pleural fluid can be used for the diagnosis of malignant effusion, we investigated mutation of p53 and FHIT and microsatellite alteration using pleural fluid in 40 patients with malignant effusion or effusion associated with malignancy as a malignancy group and in 17 patients with tuberculous pleurisy as a control group.
Results: P53 mutations were detected in 5 patients(12.5%) with malignancy group and in no case with control group, and FHIT mutations were detected in 7 patients(17.5%) with malignancy group and 2 patients(11.8%) with control group. Using four microsatellite markers, D3S1234, D3S1285, D9S171, and TP53, among patients with malignancy group, loss of heterozygosity(LOH) was seen in 10, 5, 10, and 6 cases, respectively, and microsatellite instability(MI) was seen in 6, 0, 1 and 3 cases, respectively. Using the same markers, among patients with control group, LOH was observed in 8 cases as a total number,and MI in only 1 case. In patients with malignancy group, positivity of pleural fluid cytology was 42.5%, whereas positivity of genetic analysis was 62.5%. Moreover, in 4 of 5 cases with negative cytology and negative range of CEA in pleural fluid, microsatellite alterations were identified.
Conclusion: Although still limited by sensitivity and specificity, molecular diagnostic strategies have a potential to enhance the diagnostic yield of malignant pleural fluid and has to be developed to an additional or substitutive tools for the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion in near future.

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Citations should be made in the following way:
J. H. Lee, J. H. Chang (Seoul, South Korea). Alteration of p53 and FHIT genes in pleural effusion associated with malignancy. Eur Respir J 2002; 20: Suppl. 38, 138

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