Source: Annual Congress 2004 - Lung function technology: beyond the basic test
Disease area: Airway diseases, Respiratory critical care

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the influence of ventilation on urea and ammonia in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and to compare urea and ammonia between EBC and BALF.
Methods: In 12 pigs used as a model (age: 5 months, non-fed), EBC samples were collected using the "ECoScreen" (Viasys). Ventilatory parameters (peak expiratory flow [PEF], tidal volume [Vt], respiratory rate [RR], minute volume [Vmin]) were registered in parallel. Immediately after EBC collection, broncho-alveolar lavage was performed (3 x 10 ml 0.9% NaCl).
Urea was analysed using a commercial test kit based on the Berthelot method (Merckotest, Merck-Diagnostika). Ammonia testing was also done photometrically (Berthelot method), however, no ammonia-releasing urease was included so that only the ammonia already present could be measured. After measuring ammonia, the remaining concentration of urea was calculated.
Results: The concentration of urea was lower in EBC (14.3 ± 8.8 nmol/ml) compared to BALF (86.4 ± 33.5 nmol/ml; n = 11). In contrast, a much higher concentration of ammonia was found in EBC (200 ± 62 nmol/ml) compared to BALF (32.8 ± 27.2 nmol/ml). Neither for urea nor for ammonia any significant correlation was found between EBC and BALF.
Both urea and ammonia in EBC were significantly influenced by variables of ventilation accepting a level of significance of ≤ 10 %. While the concentration of urea in EBC was negatively correlated to PEF (r = -0.48), Vt (r = -0,51), and Vmin (r = -0.47), the concentration of ammonia in EBC was positively correlated to PEF (r = +0.75).

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Citations should be made in the following way:
P. Reinhold, A. Langenberg, G. Foedisch, M. Rothe (Jena, Berlin, Germany). The influence of variables of ventilation on the concentration of urea and ammonia in the exhaled breath condensate. Eur Respir J 2004; 24: Suppl. 48, 2486

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