Source: Annual Congress 2011 - Bronchoalveolar lavage and biomarkers in diffuse parenchymal lung disease
Disease area: Interstitial lung diseases

Abstract

BACKGROUND. TGFβ, as the most potent activator of lung fibrosis, stimulates fibroblast proliferation and induces secretion of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins. It reveals its profibrotic effect by receptor complex, including CD105 molecule.
METHODS. TGFβ levels was examined by ELISA in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) supernatants. CD105 expression was tested on BAL macrophages and lymphocytes in pulmonary sarcoidosis (PS, n=16), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF, n=9), non-specific interstitial pneumonitis (NSIP, n=6) and extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA, n=7). CD105 appearance was also assessed in model lung cell lines: pneumocytes type 2 (A549) and fibroblasts (HLF-1).
RESULTS. IPF was the only disorder with significantly increased TGFβ level. CD105 expression is common on HLF-1 (98%), A549 (63%, median of 5 trials) and alveolar macrophages. In PS significantly decreased CD105 expression on BAL lymphocytes was found (all lymphocytes: 7.2±0.6%; Th cells: 4.6±0.4%, Tc cells: 1.8±0.3%, resp. control values: 13±3.4%, 6.6±2.6% and 4.7±1.1%, median±SEM, p<0.05). Similar results were observed in EAA. IPF was characterized by remarkably enhanced BAL CD105+ lymphocyte percentage (all lymphocytes: 23.9±5.8%, p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS. TGFβ receptor, CD105, is frequently present in lower airways. Lower BAL CD105+ lymphocyte percentage in IPF, and higher one in PS and EAA, may reflect different Th1/Th2 polarization pattern. Summarizing, the key role of diverse lower airway cell reactivity to TGFβ in ILDs should be considered.

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A. Dyczek, J. Szczeklik, B. Balicka-Slusarczyk, J. Chorostowska, A. Szpechcinski, E. Pólgesek, M. Jankowski, P. Kopinski (Kracow, Warsaw, Bydgoszcz, Poland). Expression of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) receptor, CD105, is declined in Th1 interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Eur Respir J 2011; 38: Suppl. 55, 4766

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