Source: Annual Congress 2010 - Influenza A (H1N1) and other viral infections: therapeutic aspects
Disease area: Respiratory infections

Abstract

Induction of antigen-specific antibody responses is well-characterised after vaccination with H1N1 or saisonal influenza (Flu) vaccines. However, the kinetics in the induction of cellular immune responses towards H1N1 and cross-reactivities towards saisonal Flu vaccine are not known so far.
In this study, 18 immunocompetent individuals were vaccinated with the H1N1 vaccine Pandemrix and CD4 T-cell frequencies specific for H1N1 as well as saisonal Flu vaccine was monitored before as well as 1, 2 and 10 weeks after vaccination using intracellular cytokine staining (IFN-g, IL2, IL17). Stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin B (SEB) served as positive control. Apart from cytokine analyses, specific T cells were phenotypically characterised by memory and maturation markers.
Prior to vaccination, levels of H1N1-specific CD4 T cells were below detection limit in 66% of cases. In contrast, immunity towards saisonal Flu was detectable in 83%. Specific T-cell responses after vaccination raised to above detection limit in all cases. Median frequencies increased by 374% (IQR 219-708%) and remained stable throughout follow-up. Interestingly, median T-cell levels towards saisonal vaccine concomitantly raised from 0.11% to 0.26%. In contrast, SEB reactive T cells were not specifically induced after vaccination. Influenza-specific cells were co-expressing IFN-g and IL2 whereas IL17 was not detectable.
In conclusion, monitoring of cellular immune responses after influenza vaccination may be performed in a clinically relevant setting. Besides specific induction of H1N1-reactive T-cell immunity, H1N1 vaccination also induces a cross-protective T-cell response towards saisonal influenza vaccines.

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T. Schmidt, J. Dirks, M. Enders, U. Sester, B. Gärtner, M. Sester (Homburg, Stuttgart, Germany). Monitoring the kinetics of a vaccine-induced T-cell response after H1N1 influenza vaccination. Eur Respir J 2010; 36: Suppl. 54, 2989

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