Source: Annual Congress 2010 - Acute respiratory failure
Disease area: Respiratory infections

Abstract

Introduction: burns are a major public health problem which still has a high prevalence in developing countries. Inhalation injury is an important contributor to morbidity and mortality in burn victims.
Aim: to describe the epidemiology of inhalation injury in adults burn victims in a specialized center in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.
Methods: prospective observational study of consecutive burn patients, aged ≥18 years, admitted in the Burn Care Unit of Bauru, a referral University Hospital in the State of São Paulo, from May/2006 to July/2007. Demographic and clinical data as well as burn characteristics (cause, agent, extension, and depth) were collected and analysed.
Results: 121 patients, 81 males and 40 females, with mean age of 39.6±15.5 years were admitted. A logistic regression analysis of the whole series data showed that age, total body surface area (TBSA) burned, and inhalation injury favored death. The diagnosis of inhalation injury was based on the presence of either severe facial burn (n=32) or soot in the sputum (n=10). Of the 38 patients (31.4%) with clinical diagnostic of inhalation injury, 24 (68.6%) died. In them, the main agent of burn was flame due to suicide attempt or accident. The TBSA ranged from 10 to 88.5% (median 55%) and the depth of the lesions from 2^nd to 3^rd -degree. Comparing to patients without inhalation injury the survival after 30 days was significantly reduced (87.3% vs 35, 3%, p<0.0001). Inhalation injury by itself increased in four-fold the mortality rate and in 8.3 the risk for pneumonia.
Conclusion: in our series inhalation injury continues to contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of burn victims.

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Citations should be made in the following way:
D. Cavalcanti Rosa, N. Camargo, J. Eduardo Corrente, H. Yoo, T. Thomaz Queluz (Botucatu, Brazil). Epidemiology of inhalation injury in burn patients in a specialized center in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Eur Respir J 2010; 36: Suppl. 54, 2295

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