Source: Annual Congress 2010 - Influenza A (H1N1) and other viral infections: therapeutic aspects
Disease area: Respiratory infections

Abstract

Background: In Greece, an enhanced surveillance system for Influenza A(H1N1) was set up on 30th April 2009. Several infected patients presented with pneumonia due to H1N1 virus and were therefore hospitalized in one of the four Reference Centers in Athens. The clinical data of this group hasn‘t been thoroughly studied and compared with Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) cases in Greece.
Aim: To investigate and compare the clinical course of CAP versus H1N1 pneumonia (H1N1-P) cases admitted to the hospital.
Methods: We used medical chart to collect data on hospitalized patients with CAP and H1N1- P. H1N1 infection was confirmed in pharyngeal swab specimens by real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction assay (RT-PCR).
Results: Fifty one patients with H1N1 pneumonia and 81 diagnosed with CAP were hospitalized during July-November. CAP patients were more hypoxemic (PAFI:262 vs 288,p<0,001), and with higher white blood cell count (13000 vs7800,p=0,05) than those hospitalized with H1N1-P. Comorbidities were significantly more common (68% vs 45%,p = 0.02) among CAP patients. Patients with H1N1-P were younger (37 vs 66,p<0,001) ,presented with a higher frequency of gastrointestinal symptoms (12% vs 30%,p=0,02) and with lower platelet count (282000 vs 204000,p<0,001)than those with CAP. Regarding disease evolution, CAP patients stayed longer in the hospital (11,5 vs 7 days,p<0,001) and had higher mortality (7% vs 0%) comparing with H1N1-P patients. Although five patients with H1N1-P admitted to the ICU, nobody passed away.
Conclusions: During July–November 2009, H1N1 influenza caused pneumonia in the absence of bacterial infection, with a benign course and an age distribution in younger ages .

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A. Liapikou, G. Hardavella, E. Manolis, E. Kyrkou, K. Cholidou, M. Koutsami, K. Tsikritsaki, N. Koulouris, M. Alchanatis (Athens, Greece). Comparison between community acquired pneumonia and influenza H1N1 pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2010; 36: Suppl. 54, 2993

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