Source: Annual Congress 2010 - Nocturnal cardiology: chronic heart failure, acute chest syndrome, coronary artery disease and collagen vascular disease
Disease area: Sleep and breathing disorders

Abstract

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) plays a significant role in increasing blood pressure, and increased sympathetic nervous system activation is likely to be its mechanism. Sleepiness is considered to be an important factor for lowering blood pressure in OSA patients after continuous positive airway pressure therapy.
Aims: To analyze the relationship between sleepiness and OSA with or without hypertension, taking into account sleep duration.
Methods: We examined 275 subjects from a cross-sectional epidemiological health survey conducted in middle-aged employees at a wholesale company in Japan. We measured blood pressure, sleep duration measured using an actigraph for 7 days, respiratory disturbance index (RDI) with a type 3 portable device for 2 nights, and sleepiness using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).
Results: RDI was significantly correlated with ESS scores in 88 hypertensive subjects (r=0.33, p=0.0024) but not in 187 non-hypertensive subjects (r=-0.01, p=0.91). Short sleep duration was significantly correlated with ESS scores both in the hypertensive (r=-0.30, p=0.0050) and non-hypertensive subjects (r=-0.18, p=0.014). In a stepwise multivariate regression model, both RDI and short sleep duration were significantly related to sleepiness only in the hypertensive subjects. Furthermore, RDI was negatively significantly related to sleep duration in hypertensive subjects.
Conclusions: The presence of hypertension is an important factor for a closer relationship between sleepiness and the severity of OSA, although short sleep duration is a significant factor for sleepiness in OSA with and without hypertension.

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T. Oga, Y. Harada, H. Kadotani, M. Takegami, K. Takahashi, K. Sumi, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakayama-Ashida, I. Minami, S. Horita, Y. Oka, T. Wakamura, S. Fukuhara, M. Mishima, K. Chin (Kyoto, Amagasaki, Toon, Japan). Relationship between sleepiness, sleep duration and sleep apnoea with or without hypertension in middle-aged male Japanese workers. Eur Respir J 2010; 36: Suppl. 54, 914

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