Source: Annual Congress 2005 - Skeletal muscles: current concepts
Disease area: Sleep and breathing disorders

Abstract

Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) patients intermitently breath against increased respiratory loads under hypoxic conditions. Aim: to investigate the potential phenotypic remodelling occurring in respiratory muscles of SAS patients. Methods: A total of 20 subjects with SAS (BMI 36.5±5 Kg/m², AHI 111±41) and 7 matched controls were included and underwent respiratory muscle function assessment and biopsy of the external intercostal (6^th space). In addition, both the expression of the genes encoding Myosin Heavy Chain (MyHC) adult isoforms (RT-PCR) in the muscle and the fibre phenotype (immunohistochemistry, MyHC antibodies) were evaluated. Results: The strength of both inspiratory and expiratory muscles was preserved and even increased in these patients (MIP, 111±42 % pred.; MEP, 164±45 % pred.), who also showed an overall increase in both the percentage and size of type I fibres, and a trend to increase the size of their type II fibres. Furthermore, when only SAS patients were considered, significant relationships were found between MIP and the AHI (r=0.957) on the one hand, and between MIP and the size of type II fibres (r=0.570) and the expression of the MyHC-IIa (r=0.500) and MyHC-IIx (r=0.719) genes on the other. Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest that in SAS the repeated efforts against an occluded airway result in both structural remodelling of the respiratory muscles and an increase in their strength.
Funded by BMTH4-CT98-3406

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Citations should be made in the following way:
C. Casadevall, A. Nowinski, M. Orozco-Levi, E. Barreiro, J. Gea, P. Sliwinski (Barcelona, Spain; Warsaw, Poland). Respiratory muscle remodelling in patients with the sleep apnea syndrome. Eur Respir J 2005; 26: Suppl. 49, 1669

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