Source: Annual Congress 2005 - Highlights of asthma epidemiology
Disease area: Airway diseases

Abstract

Reported effects of PM₁₀ on asthma have been highly variable, heavy pollution often having little reported effect on patients with asthma. Airborne allergen, by contrast, has had major effects. The reported effects of air pollution on asthma could be due to confounding with allergen.
A case series study (60 subjects) was nested in a cohort study on asthma-prone patients in south east London, and compared allergenicity of PM₁₀ (as measured by binding ratio of IgE of that patient to PM₁₀ collected on that week on filters using a high volume sampler) between acute event weeks and control weeks for the same patients. Acute events were defined as respiratory symptoms reported by the patients to the study nurse.
The odds ratio per doubling of IgE binding ratios was 2.03 (95% CI, 1.27 to 3.25; P=0.0032). Odds ratios in subsets of atopic patients were similar, with wider confidence limits (see Table).
Allergenicity of PM₁₀ appears to predict respiratory events. The specific nature of this allergenicity is unknown. It is probably not explained by pollen allergy in the summer months.

Odds ratio for case status per doubling of IgE binding ratio

Study events:	Subjects	Filters	OR	(95%	CI)	P
All patients and seasons	60	188	2.03	(1.27,	3.25)	0.0032
Atopic patients	32	88	1.77	(0.90,	3.46)	0.096
Patients allergic to grass or tree pollen	23	62	3.19	(1.35,	7.53)	0.0083
Grass or tree pollen allergics in summer	17	40	1.66	(0.73,	3.78)	0.23

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Citations should be made in the following way:
R. B. Newson, C. M. Luczynska, M. G. Burrows, P. G. Burney (London, United Kingdom). Allergenicity of PM₁₀ as a predictor of acute respiratory events in asthma-prone patients in south east London: case series study. Eur Respir J 2005; 26: Suppl. 49, 254

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