Novel risk factors and the global burden of nonsmoking COPD

Symposium
Chairs: J. Sunyer (Barcelona, Spain), J. Balmes (San Francisco, United States of America)
Aims: The aims of this session are to:
- understand the contribution of novel risk factors, besides cigarette smoking, to the development of COPD around the world
- understand the contribution of long standing asthma to the development of COPD
- elucidate the specific contributions of environmental tobacco smoke exposure, occupational exposure, traffic, other outdoor air pollution, and biomass fuel combustion to the global burden of COPD

Traffic, other outdoor pollution and COPD: a global imperative to clean the air? N. Kuenzli (Basel, Switzerland)
Passive smoking, the workplace and COPD: an innocent bystander effect? M. Eisner (San Francisco, United States of America)
Biomass smoke is a major cause of COPD worldwide A. Ramirez-Venegas (Mexico City, Mexico)