Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common fatal hereditary diseases. The discovery of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene 25 years ago set the stage for unraveling the pathogenesis of CF lung disease, continuous refinement of symptomatic treatments and the development of mutation-specific therapies, which are now becoming available for a subgroup of patients. This ERS Monographprovides an update on all aspects of CF lung disease, from infancy to adulthood, including current concepts on disease process, improvements in early diagnosis and monitoring, therapeutic approaches, and patient care. The book highlights important recent developments and discusses the next steps that will be required for further improvement of the life expectancy and quality of life of CF patients. It will be an essential reference for basic and clinical scientists and all members of the CF team.