About
International Consensus Conferences (ICC) were organised jointly by the European Respiratory Society (ERS), the European Society for Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), the American Thoracic Society (ATS), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) and the Société de Réanimation de Langue Française (SRLF).
Aims
The purpose of the Consensus conference was to produce an informed debate on a limited subject presented in the form of 5 main questions, with the aim of evaluating available scientific information and to advance understanding of the issue in question. It consisted of a two-day conference, during which experts from different disciplines and/or from different schools make short presentations, aimed at answering the 5 questions previously defined by the Scientific Advisors:
- What do we know about the epidemiology of weaning problems?
- What ist the pathophysiology of weaning failure?
- What is the usual process of initial weaning from the ventilator?
- Is there a role for different ventilator modes in more difficult weaning?
- How should patients with difficult weaning failure best be managed?
How are weaning failure and delay defined?
J. Mancebo (Barcelona, Spain)
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How common are weaning delay and failure?
P. Navalesi (Pavia, Italy)
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How common is post extubation respiratory failure and unplanned extubation and what are its consequences?
S. Epstein (Boston, United States Of America)
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What are the costs of weaning problems?
S. Carson (Chapel Hill, United States Of America)
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The respiratory muscle pump: peripheral function
M. Polkey (London, United Kingdom)
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The respiratory muscle pump: central function
T. Similowski (Paris, France)
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Role of cardiac function in weaning failure
M. R. Pinsky (Pittsburgh, United States of America)
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Nutritional and metabolic factors (including anaemia)
M. W. Elliott (Leeds, United Kingdom)
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Patient-ventilator dysynchrony
F. Laghi (Hines, United States Of America)
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Ventilator associated pneumonia, aspiration and sepsis
A. Torres (Barcelona, Spain)
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Critical care neuropathy and myopathy
B. De Jonghe (Poissy, France)
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Psychological factors (anxiety, post-traumatic stress)
A. Jubran (Hines, United States Of America)
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Role and interpretation of weaning predictors
M. Tobin (Hines, United States Of America)
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Pressure support is the preferred weaning method
L. Brochard (Creteil, France)
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A T-tube trial is the preferred weaning method
C. Sassoon (Long Beach, United States Of America)
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Weaning protocols are necessary
M. Vitacca (Gussago, Italy)
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Controlled mechanical ventilation - respiratory muscle rest
T. Vassilakopoulos (Athens, Greece)
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CPAP
A. Rossi (Bergamo, Italy)
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Does noninvasive ventilation have a role – yes
S. Nava (Pavia, Italy)
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Does noninvasive ventilation have a role – no
N. Hill (Boston, United States Of America)
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Servo controlled ventilation
P. Jolliet (Geneva, Switzerland)
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In a special facility?
B. Schönhofer (Hannover, Germany)
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The role of tracheostomy - timing, technique, complications
E. L'Her (Brest, France)
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Rehabilitation
R. Gosselink (Leuven, Belgium)
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Home mechanical ventilation in the post weaning period
B. Schönhofer (Hannover, Germany), W. Wedzicha (London, United Kingdom)
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Terminal care for the ventilator dependant patient
J. R. Curtis (Seattle, United States Of America)
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